{"id":391,"date":"2020-03-23T15:33:32","date_gmt":"2020-03-23T12:33:32","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/alobeton.com\/blog\/?p=391"},"modified":"2020-03-23T15:33:41","modified_gmt":"2020-03-23T12:33:41","slug":"beton-ile-ilgili-sikca-sorulan-sorular","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/alobeton.com\/blog\/2020\/03\/23\/beton-ile-ilgili-sikca-sorulan-sorular\/","title":{"rendered":"Beton ile \u0130lgili S\u0131k\u00e7a Sorulan Sorular"},"content":{"rendered":"\n


BETON NED\u0130R?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

 \u2018Beton\u2019, \u00fcretim standartlar\u0131na uygun agrega, \u00e7imento, su, kimyasal katk\u0131 ve gerekti\u011finde baz\u0131 yap\u0131 malzemelerinin birlikte kar\u0131lmas\u0131yla elde edilen bir yap\u0131 malzemesidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

TAZE BETON NED\u0130R?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Beton malzemeleri kar\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra bir s\u00fcre i\u00e7in yumu\u015fak ve \u015fekil verilebilir durumda kalarak, kolayca kar\u0131labilir, ta\u015f\u0131nabilir, yerle\u015ftirilebilir, s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131labilir ve perdahlanabilir formdaki durumunu taze beton olarak adland\u0131rabiliriz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BETONDA \u0130\u015eLENEB\u0130L\u0130RL\u0130K NED\u0130R?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Taze betonun kolayca kar\u0131labilmesi ayr\u0131\u015fmaya u\u011framadan ta\u015f\u0131nabilmesi yerle\u015ftirilebilmesi s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131labilmesi ve y\u00fczeyinin d\u00fczeltilebilmesi betonun ne \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde i\u015flenebilir oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BETONUN YERLE\u015eT\u0130R\u0130LMES\u0130 VE YERLE\u015eT\u0130R\u0130LMEDEN \u00d6NCE NELER YAPILMALIDIR?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yerle\u015ftirme metodu ve d\u00f6k\u00fcm s\u00fcresi \u00f6nceden belirlenmelidir. Donat\u0131s\u0131z ve yer betonu d\u00f6k\u00fcmleri \u00f6ncesinde uygulanacak k\u0131s\u0131m nemlendirilerek ve s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 yap\u0131larak d\u00f6k\u00fcme uygun hale getirilmelidir. Kal\u0131plar temiz sa\u011flam ve standartlara uygun kal\u0131p ya\u011flar\u0131 uygulanarak haz\u0131r hale getirilmelidir. Beton d\u00f6k\u00fcm\u00fcnden \u00f6nce \u015fantiyeye teslim edilen \u00fcr\u00fcn \u00f6zellikleri irsaliye \u00fczerinden kontrol edilerek teslim al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BETONUN YERLE\u015eT\u0130R\u0130LMES\u0130 VE YERLE\u015eT\u0130RME ESNASINA NELER YAPILMALIDIR ?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Beton daha \u00f6nceden d\u00f6k\u00fcme uygun hale getirilmi\u015f olan kal\u0131plara segregasyona neden olmayacak y\u00fckseklik ve a\u00e7\u0131da d\u00f6k\u00fclmelidir. D\u00fc\u015fey yap\u0131 elemanlar\u0131nda donat\u0131 kaynakl\u0131 yerle\u015fme problemlerinin \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7ilmesi i\u00e7in d\u00f6k\u00fcm kal\u0131b\u0131 3 a\u015famada dolduracak \u015fekilde ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmelidir. Beton kal\u0131ba yatay kademeler halinde d\u00f6k\u00fclmelidir. Kendili\u011finden yerle\u015fen beton ve tarif edilmi\u015f beton gibi \u00f6zel \u00fcr\u00fcnler haricinde t\u00fcm beton tipleri vibrasyon ile s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131larak d\u00f6k\u00fcmleri ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmelidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u0130BRASYON UYGULANIRKEN D\u0130KKAT ED\u0130LMES\u0130 GEREKEN UNSURLAR NELERD\u0130R ?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Beton kal\u0131b\u0131na kesinlikle vibrat\u00f6r temas etmemelidir. Beton i\u00e7erisine y\u00fcksekten sert bir \u015fekilde b\u0131rak\u0131larak yerle\u015fimi sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in yava\u015f\u00e7a d\u0131\u015far\u0131ya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Betonun birbirine kayna\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in her defas\u0131nda bir \u00f6nceki tabakaya kayna\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayacak \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclerde vibrasyon yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Vibrasyon taze betona d\u00fc\u015fey olarak dald\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Betonu hareket ettirmek i\u00e7in de\u011fil yerle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Yap\u0131 eleman\u0131na uygun vibrat\u00f6r se\u00e7ilerek yap\u0131 elaman\u0131na uygun s\u00fcre betonun i\u00e7erisinde tutulmal\u0131d\u0131r. Yanl\u0131\u015f vibrat\u00f6r uygulamas\u0131 betonun reolojik \u00f6zelliklerine olumsuz etki ederek performans\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BETON Y\u00dcZEY \u0130\u015eLEM\u0130 B\u0130T\u0130R\u0130L\u0130RKEN NELERE D\u0130KKAT ED\u0130LMEL\u0130D\u0130R ?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u00f6\u015feme betonlar\u0131nda y\u00fczey bitirme i\u015flemleri b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlukla \u00e7elik veya ah\u015fap mastar aletleri malalarla yap\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Kenar, pah ve derz i\u015flemi gerektiren durumlarda ise \u00f6nce kenar bitirmeleri yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Mastar ve mala i\u015fleminden sonra gereken p\u00fcr\u00fczl\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn verilmesi i\u00e7in, belirli bir y\u00f6nde tarak \u00e7ekilebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BETONUN BAKIMI NED\u0130R ?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Betondan beklenen \u00f6zelliklerin geli\u015fmesi i\u00e7in betonun yerle\u015ftirilmesi, s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ve perdahlanmas\u0131 i\u015flemlerinden hemen sonra yeterli s\u00fcre uygun nem ko\u015fulu ve s\u0131cakl\u0131kta tutulmas\u0131 i\u015flemine bak\u0131m ad\u0131 verilmektedir. Bak\u0131m i\u015fleminin amac\u0131, ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta su ile dolu olan kapiler bo\u015fluklar\u0131n m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funca hidratasyon \u00fcr\u00fcnleri ile doldurulmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BETON BAKIM Y\u00d6NTEMLER\u0130 NELERD\u0130R ?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u00fcrekli olarak beton y\u00fczeyinin nemli kalmas\u0131 sa\u011flananmal\u0131d\u0131r. Genellikle hortum ve benzeri yard\u0131mc\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcnlerle su p\u00fcsk\u00fcrt\u00fcl\u00fcr ve g\u00f6let olacak \u015fekilde su biriktirilir. Su ge\u00e7irmeyen \u00f6rt\u00fclerle beton y\u00fczeyi kapat\u0131l\u0131r. Kimyasal k\u00fcr katk\u0131lar\u0131 kullan\u0131larak beton y\u00fczeyinde olu\u015fabilecek su kay\u0131plar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7ilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

SICAK HAVA KO\u015eULU NED\u0130R ?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

TS 1248 \u2018Beton yap\u0131m d\u00f6k\u00fcm ve bak\u0131m kurallar\u0131\u2019 standart\u0131, ortalama hava s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n pe\u015f pe\u015fe \u00fc\u00e7 g\u00fcn s\u00fcre ile 30 C nin \u00fczerinde oldu\u011fu hava durumunu \u2018s\u0131cak hava\u2019 olarak tan\u0131mlamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

SICAK HAVA KO\u015eULLARINDA HAZIR BETON SANTRAL\u0130NDE YAPILMASI GEREKEN \u0130\u015eLEMLER NELERD\u0130R ?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

So\u011fuk su \u00fcnitesi bulunan tesislerde %100 so\u011fuk su kullan\u0131lmas\u0131, chiller \u00fcnitesi bulunmayan santrallarda da santrala yak\u0131n buz tesislerinden kal\u0131p buz tedarik edilerek re\u00e7ete miktar\u0131na uygun su kesilerek mikserlere ilave edilmesi. Betonda u\u00e7ucu k\u00fcl kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n k\u0131vam kay\u0131plar\u0131n\u0131 azaltt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve i\u015flenebilirlik s\u00fcresini artt\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in u\u00e7ucu k\u00fcl stoklar\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011flanmas\u0131 ve u\u00e7ucu k\u00fcll\u00fc re\u00e7etelerle \u00fcretimlerin yap\u0131lmas\u0131. \u015eantiyelerdeki redozlama ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131 artaca\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in, betonun santral \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f k\u0131vamlar\u0131n\u0131n standartlar\u0131n izin verdi\u011fi limitlere g\u00f6re d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck k\u0131vamda olmadan \u00fcretimlerin yap\u0131lmas\u0131 Transmikserler kazanlar\u0131n\u0131n telis bezi ile sar\u0131l\u0131p mutlaka dolum sonras\u0131nda \u0131slat\u0131larak \u015fantiye alan\u0131na hareket edilmesi Katk\u0131s\u0131z beton d\u00f6k\u00fclmemesi. (\u00d6zellikle saha betonlar\u0131nda katk\u0131s\u0131 azalt\u0131lm\u0131\u015f re\u00e7etelere y\u00f6nlendirmek) \u00d6zellikle C30 ve \u00fczeri beton s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6\u011flen s\u0131ca\u011f\u0131nda d\u00f6k\u00fclmemesi. A\u00e7\u0131k stok sahas\u0131nda bekleyen agregalar\u0131n santrallardaki sprey sistemleri \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131larak doygun y\u00fczey kuru haline getirilmesi. Beton d\u00f6k\u00fcm s\u00fcresi k\u0131salt\u0131larak, ve kontroll\u00fc ara\u00e7 sevkiyat\u0131 yap\u0131larak betonun a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 beklemesinden dolay\u0131 olu\u015fabilecek mukavemet kay\u0131plar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nlenmesi Agrega f\u0131skiyeleme (ya\u011fmurlama) sistemlerinin \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131. (\u00f6zellikle a\u00e7\u0131k alanda bekletilen 1No ve 2No agregan\u0131n suya doyuracak \u015fekilde \u0131slat\u0131lmas\u0131)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

SICAK HAVA KO\u015eULLARINDA BETON D\u00d6K\u00dcM YER\u0130NDE YAPILMASI GEREKENLER NELERD\u0130R ?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Su k\u00fcr\u00fc; \u00e7e\u015fitli nedenlerden dolay\u0131 betondan kaybolan suyu telafi etmek i\u00e7in betona d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan su giri\u015fini sa\u011flamak amac\u0131yla, s\u0131k s\u0131k veya s\u00fcrekli su uygulanmal\u0131d\u0131r. Su k\u00fcr\u00fc, beton y\u00fczeyi g\u00f6llendirilerek, beton eleman\u0131 tamam\u0131yla suya dald\u0131r\u0131larak beton y\u00fczeyine su p\u00fcsk\u00fcrt\u00fclerek ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilebilir. Su p\u00fcsk\u00fcrtme y\u00f6ntemi kullan\u0131larak yap\u0131lan k\u00fcrleme ortam s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n donma s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan hayli y\u00fcksek ve ortam neminin \u00e7ok d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck oldu\u011fu hallerde uygulanabilmektedir. K\u00fcr suyunun temiz olmas\u0131 ve betona zarar verecek maddeler i\u00e7ermemesi gerekmektedir. Ayr\u0131ca, betonda termal \u015fok etkisi yaratmamas\u0131 i\u00e7in k\u00fcr suyu, beton s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan 11\u00b0 den daha so\u011fuk olmamal\u0131d\u0131r. G\u00f6llendirme veya dald\u0131rma y\u00f6ntemiyle k\u00fcr nem kayb\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nlenmesi ve betonda \u00fcniform bir s\u0131cakl\u0131k sa\u011flamas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan en etkin su k\u00fcr\u00fc y\u00f6ntemidir. Y\u00fczeye kaplanan malzeme kullan\u0131larak; bu y\u00f6ntemde, buharla\u015fma yolu ile betondan su kayb\u0131, y\u00fczeyine ge\u00e7irimsiz ka\u011f\u0131t, plastik kaplama veya membran olu\u015fturan k\u00fcr malzemeleri kullan\u0131larak \u00f6nlenmelidir. Islak kaplamalar; \u00e7uval bezi, pamuklu has\u0131r, hal\u0131 ve kilim gibi nem tutabilen \u00f6rt\u00fclerin suya doygun hale getirilerek beton y\u00fczeyine serilmesi ile uygulanmal\u0131d\u0131r. Kullan\u0131lan \u00f6rt\u00fcler betona zarar veren veya betonda renk de\u011fi\u015fimine neden olan maddeler i\u00e7ermemelidir. Y\u00fczey kaplama malzemeleri ile beton \u00fczerinde zar veya tabaka olu\u015ftururarak buharla\u015fma yoluyla betonda olu\u015fabilecek su kayb\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7ilmelidir. Betonda beklenen \u00f6zelliklerin geli\u015fmesi i\u00e7in betonun yerle\u015ftirilmesi, s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ve perdahlanmas\u0131 i\u015flemlerinden hemen sonra, yeterli s\u00fcre uygun nem ko\u015fulu sa\u011flanmas\u0131 gerekmektedir. Yeterli bak\u0131m i\u015fleminin sa\u011flanmas\u0131 kapiler bo\u015fluklar hidratasyon \u00fcr\u00fcnleri ile yeterli mertebede dolarak olumsuz sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7er.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

SO\u011eUK HAVA KO\u015eULU NED\u0130R ?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

TS 2348 \u2018 Beton yap\u0131m d\u00f6k\u00fcm ve bak\u0131m kurallar\u0131\u2019 standart\u0131na g\u00f6re ortalama hava s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n art arda \u00fc\u00e7 g\u00fcn s\u00fcreyle 5 C nin alt\u0131nda oldu\u011fu durumu anormal kabul etmektedir. G\u00fcnl\u00fck ortalama hava s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131, bir gece yar\u0131s\u0131ndan bir sonraki gece yar\u0131s\u0131na kadar ge\u00e7en s\u00fcrede kaydedilen en d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck ve en y\u00fcksek hava s\u0131cakl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n ortalamas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

SO\u011eUK HAVA KO\u015eULLARINDA ALINMASI GEREKEN \u00d6NLEMLER NELERD\u0130R ?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Erken dayan\u0131m\u0131 y\u00fcksek \u00e7imento kullan\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Priz h\u0131zland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 kimyasal katk\u0131lar kullan\u0131larak betondaki s\u0131v\u0131n\u0131n donma noktas\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fclmeli ve \u00e7imentonun hidratasyonu h\u0131zland\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Erken dayan\u0131m artt\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 kimyasal katk\u0131lar kullan\u0131larak beton plastik k\u0131vamda iken buz olu\u015fumu \u00f6nlenmelidir. Y\u00fcksek k\u00fcr s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 sa\u011flanmal\u0131d\u0131r. So\u011fuk hava ko\u015fulunda priz s\u00fcresi ve erken dayan\u0131m \u00f6nem arz etti\u011finden katk\u0131l\u0131 \u00e7imento ve mineral katk\u0131lar\u0131n kullan\u0131mlar\u0131 optimize edilmelidir. \u00d6zellikle perdahlama i\u015flemi yap\u0131lacak d\u00f6\u015feme gibi geni\u015f y\u00fczeyli elemanlarda, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck su \u00e7imento oran\u0131na sahip, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck \u00e7\u00f6kme de\u011ferli betonlar kullan\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Agregalar\u0131n s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 0\u00b0C\u2019 nin alt\u0131nda ise, serbest su donaca\u011f\u0131ndan taze beton s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 hesab\u0131nda kullan\u0131lan form\u00fcl revize edilmelidir. Su ayn\u0131 a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131ktaki kat\u0131 bile\u015fenlere g\u00f6re 5 kat daha fazla \u0131s\u0131 depolayabilmesi avantaj\u0131 ile kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m suyu \u0131s\u0131t\u0131larak beton s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00fckseltilmelidir. Agregalar donmu\u015f ve aras\u0131nda buz topaklar\u0131 bulunuyor ise agrega \u00fcretime al\u0131nmadan \u00f6nce \u0131s\u0131t\u0131larak bu olumsuzluk \u00f6nlenmelidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

SO\u011eUK HAVA KO\u015eULLARINDA BETON D\u00d6K\u00dcM YER\u0130NDE YAPILMASI GEREKENLER NELERD\u0130R?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kal\u0131ba biti\u015fik beton y\u00fczeylerinin nemli tutulmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak amac\u0131yla kal\u0131plar m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funca ge\u00e7 s\u00f6k\u00fclmelidir. Buhar k\u00fcr\u00fc uygulanmas\u0131 hem \u0131s\u0131 hem de nem sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan en m\u00fckemmel y\u00f6ntemdir. Betonun su ile k\u00fcrlenmesi buzlanma problemi yarataca\u011f\u0131ndan tavsiye edilmez. Is\u0131t\u0131c\u0131lar vas\u0131tas\u0131yla kuru \u0131s\u0131tma uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda su kayb\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in beton y\u00fczeyi ge\u00e7irimsiz malzeme veya k\u00fcr malzemeleri ile kaplanmal\u0131d\u0131r. Yap\u0131n\u0131n etraf\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7evrildi\u011fi durumlarda \u00e7evirme i\u00e7indeki hava s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 10 \u00b0 C\u2019 nin alt\u0131nda ise i\u00e7erideki havan\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131l neminin %40\u2019\u0131n \u00fczerinde olmas\u0131 sa\u011flanmal\u0131d\u0131r. Is\u0131tma periyodunun sonunda beton, ani olarak so\u011fuk hava etkisine maruz b\u0131rak\u0131lmamal\u0131d\u0131r. Donman\u0131n meydana geldi\u011fi durumda s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n ara s\u0131ra 10\u00b0C\u2019 nin \u00fczerine \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 kayg\u0131 sebebi de\u011fildir. Hava s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 10\u00b0C nin \u00fczerinde oldu\u011funda kuruma h\u0131zla artar. A\u015f\u0131r\u0131 oranda kuruma riski varsa ve donma beklenmiyorsa su k\u00fcr\u00fc uygulanabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u015eANT\u0130YEDE \u0130LAVE SU NELERE YOL A\u00c7AR ?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Beton d\u00f6k\u00fcm yerinde mix dizayna m\u00fcdahale edilerek herhangi bir ama\u00e7la betona su ilave edilmesi beton s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131na g\u00f6re belirlenen ve dayan\u0131m\u0131n ana kayna\u011f\u0131 olan su \u00e7imento oran\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fc\u015fmesine, buna ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak beton s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131nca istenen dayan\u0131m\u0131n sa\u011flanamamas\u0131na neden olur. Ayr\u0131ca betonda i\u015flenebilirli\u011fin optimum d\u00fczeyde olabilmesi i\u00e7in belirlenen oranda uygulanm\u0131\u015f olan kimyasal katk\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 engeller ve ayr\u0131\u015fma sonucunda i\u015flenebilmesi i\u00e7in verilen su ters etki yaparak beton i\u015flenemez hale gelir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

K\u0130MYASAL KATKI NED\u0130R ?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7imento, agrega ve su d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda \u00e7imento dozaj\u0131n\u0131n maksimum %5\u2019i kadar ilave edilen organik ve inorganik maddelerdir. Taze betonun i\u015flenebilirli\u011fini iyile\u015ftirmek, priz s\u00fcrelerini de\u011fi\u015ftirmek, sertle\u015fmi\u015f beton \u00f6zelliklerin \u00fczerine etki ederek dayan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 iyile\u015ftirmek gibi ama\u00e7larla beton kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m suyuna eklenerek uygulanan kimyasal maddelerdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

K\u0130MYASAL KATKI T\u0130PLER\u0130 NELERD\u0130R ?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Su azalt\u0131c\u0131 Y\u00fcksek oranda su azalt\u0131c\u0131 Su tutucu Hava s\u00fcr\u00fckleyici Priz h\u0131zland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 Priz geciktirici Vizkozite iyile\u015ftirici<\/p>\n\n\n\n

REDOZ NED\u0130R ?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Taze betonun pompalanabilmesini ve yerle\u015ftirilebilmesini kolayla\u015ft\u0131rmak amac\u0131yla d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck k\u0131vaml\u0131 betonlarda daha \u00f6nce deney \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nca belirlenen oranlarda \u015fantiyede ilave edilen s\u0131v\u0131 beton katk\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BETON AYRI\u015eMASI (SEGREGASYON) NED\u0130R ?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Betonu olu\u015fturan malzemelerin \u00f6zg\u00fcl a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131klar\u0131 ve boyutlar\u0131 farkl\u0131 oldu\u011fundan taze beton ayr\u0131\u015fmaya yak\u0131n bir kar\u0131\u015f\u0131md\u0131r. Agregalar kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131n alt\u0131na do\u011fru su ise \u00fcst\u00fcne do\u011fru hareket e\u011filimindedir. Betonda ayr\u0131\u015fman\u0131n olmamas\u0131 hamur vizkositesinin agregalar\u0131n yer \u00e7ekimi etkisi ile hamur i\u00e7erisinde kesitin a\u015fa\u011f\u0131lar\u0131na do\u011fru hareket etmesine izin vermeyecek kadar y\u00fcksek olmas\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Betonda ayr\u0131\u015fma uygun gradasyon kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 ve hamur vizkositesinin kontrol alt\u0131na al\u0131nmas\u0131yla \u00f6nlenebilir. Ayr\u0131\u015fma, betonarme yap\u0131 elaman\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc bozuklu\u011funa yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi kesit performans\u0131n\u0131 da \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcr. Ancak ayr\u0131\u015fma taze betonun kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lma, ta\u015f\u0131nma, yerine yerle\u015ftirilme ve s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lma s\u00fcrecinde yap\u0131lan hatalar sonucunda da meydana gelebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7ATLAK T\u00dcRLER\u0130 VE SEBEPLER\u0130<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Plastik oturma Plastik b\u00fcz\u00fclme Erken termal b\u00fcz\u00fclme Uzun vadeli kuruma b\u00fcz\u00fclmesi Y\u00fczeysel ince \u00e7atlaklar Donat\u0131n\u0131n korozyonu Alkali silika reaksiyonu Erken donma hasar\u0131 Donma \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclme hasar\u0131<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BETON S\u0130PAR\u0130\u015e\u0130 SIRASINDA D\u0130KKAT ED\u0130LMES\u0130 GEREKEN HUSUSLAR<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Teslimat tarihi, zaman\u0131 ve birim s\u00fcrede verilecek beton miktar\u0131 \u015eantiye etraf\u0131nda d\u00f6k\u00fcme uygun ekip ekipman ke\u015ffinin yapt\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 Varsa \u00f6zel ta\u015f\u0131ma metodu Varsa \u00f6zel yerle\u015ftirme metodu \u00c7evresel etki s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 K\u0131vam s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 Agrega maksimum tane b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc Dayan\u0131m s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131 Klor\u00fcr i\u00e7eri\u011fi<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7EVRESEL ETK\u0130 SINIFLARI NELERD\u0130R ? BR\u00dcT BETON NED\u0130R ? NERELERDE KULLANILIR ?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dmax agrega en b\u00fcy\u00fck tane b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc TS 500\u2019 e g\u00f6re belirlenerek agrega se\u00e7imi yap\u0131l\u0131r. TS 500\u2019 e g\u00f6re en b\u00fcy\u00fck tane b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc; Kal\u0131p geni\u015fli\u011finin 1\/5 inden D\u00f6\u015feme kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n 1\/3 \u00fcnden \u0130ki donat\u0131 \u00e7ubuk aras\u0131ndaki uzakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u00be \u00fcnden b\u00fcy\u00fck olmamal\u0131d\u0131r. Oranlar beton d\u00f6k\u00fcm\u00fc \u00f6ncesi belirlenecek olan yap\u0131 \u00f6zelliklerine g\u00f6re tespit edilerek uygun beton istenmelidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

ERKEN KALIP ALMAK<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Erken kal\u0131p s\u00f6k\u00fcm\u00fc s\u0131ras\u0131nda yap\u0131 elemanlar\u0131 deforme olabilir, d\u00f6\u015feme sehim yapabilir, \u00e7\u00f6kebilir, yap\u0131 \u00f6mr\u00fc boyunca kal\u0131c\u0131 gerilme ve \u015fekil de\u011fi\u015ftirmeler olu\u015fabilir. Beton mukavemeti alma s\u00fcresi betonun kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131na, yap\u0131 eleman\u0131na, kullan\u0131lan beton s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131na, beton katk\u0131lar\u0131na, hava \u015fartlar\u0131na ve beton bak\u0131m\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak de\u011fi\u015febilir. \u00d6rne\u011fin; hava s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n +5 C nin alt\u0131nda oldu\u011fu her g\u00fcn kal\u0131p alma s\u00fcresine eklenmelidir. Kal\u0131b\u0131n istenen zamanda al\u0131nmas\u0131 i\u00e7in yap\u0131 eleman\u0131 i\u00e7in belirlenmi\u015f olan uygun beton bak\u0131mlar\u0131 yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. (bknz \u2018Beton Bak\u0131m\u0131 Nedir ?\u2019)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

SAHA BETONU NED\u0130R ? UYGULANIRKEN NELERE D\u0130KKAT ED\u0130LMEL\u0130D\u0130R ?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Y\u00fczey haz\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n betonun cinsine g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fti\u011fi, end\u00fcstriyel tesisler, depolar, yollar, otoparklar ve di\u011fer tesislerde kullan\u0131lan \u00f6zelliklere g\u00f6re farkl\u0131 kullan\u0131m ama\u00e7lar\u0131na sahiptirler. Beton kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131, betonun cinsi, i\u00e7erisindeki demir donat\u0131 miktar\u0131 ve e\u011fimleri dikkate al\u0131narak tasar\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekmektedir. Uygulama \u00f6ncesinde saha betonu alt dolgusu uygun dolgu malzemesi ile uygun kota kademeler halinde s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131larak getirilir. Toprak zemine oturacak olan beton d\u00f6k\u00fcmlerinde ise beton i\u00e7erisindeki suyun toprak yoluyla emilerek kaybolmamas\u0131 i\u00e7in beton d\u00f6k\u00fcm\u00fc \u00f6ncesinde zeminin beton ile ili\u015fkisi kesilecek uygun malzeme ile kaplanmas\u0131 gerekmektedir. Beton zemine oturacak olan saha betonlar\u0131nda ise kir, toz, ya\u011f vb gibi malzemelerden temizlenerek d\u00f6k\u00fcme uygun hale getirilmesine dikkat edilmelidir. Beton d\u00f6k\u00fcmlerine ba\u015flanmadan \u00f6nce ano yerleri belirlenerek \u00e7elik kal\u0131plar proje kotuna g\u00f6re konulmal\u0131d\u0131r. Yap\u0131sal derzler ve demir donat\u0131 i\u00e7in gerekli d\u00fczenlemeler yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u00c7ift kat serilecek durumlarda ise sehpa ile paspay\u0131 kontrol edilerek yerle\u015ftirilmelidir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

BETON NED\u0130R?  \u2018Beton\u2019, \u00fcretim standartlar\u0131na uygun agrega, \u00e7imento, su, kimyasal katk\u0131 ve gerekti\u011finde baz\u0131 yap\u0131 malzemelerinin birlikte kar\u0131lmas\u0131yla elde edilen bir yap\u0131 malzemesidir. TAZE BETON NED\u0130R? Beton malzemeleri kar\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra bir s\u00fcre i\u00e7in yumu\u015fak ve [devam\u0131…]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":392,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_is_tweetstorm":false,"jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","enabled":false}}},"categories":[191],"tags":[10,92,259,24,13,98,91,186,11,260,12,190,14,188,26,31,27,29],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"yoast_head":"\nBeton ile \u0130lgili S\u0131k\u00e7a Sorulan Sorular | Beton Fiyatlar\u0131 | Haz\u0131r Beton Fiyatlar\u0131<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"http:\/\/alobeton.com\/blog\/2020\/03\/23\/beton-ile-ilgili-sikca-sorulan-sorular\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Beton ile \u0130lgili S\u0131k\u00e7a Sorulan Sorular | Beton Fiyatlar\u0131 | Haz\u0131r Beton Fiyatlar\u0131\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"BETON NED\u0130R?  \u2018Beton\u2019, \u00fcretim standartlar\u0131na uygun agrega, \u00e7imento, su, kimyasal katk\u0131 ve gerekti\u011finde baz\u0131 yap\u0131 malzemelerinin birlikte kar\u0131lmas\u0131yla elde edilen bir yap\u0131 malzemesidir. TAZE BETON NED\u0130R? 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